Changes in the midbrain-rostral forebrain dopamine circuitry in the cocaine-exposed primate fetal brain

Oline K. Rønnekleiv, Yuan Fang, Wan S. Choi, Lin Chai

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

27 Scopus citations

Abstract

To ascertain cocaine's effects in the fetus, we developed a nonhuman primate model in which pregnant monkeys were administered cocaine (3 mg/kg im) or saline four times a day from day 20 through days 40-70 of a 165-day gestation. At the time of cesarean section, plasma levels of cocaine in fetal blood were 231 ± 70 ng/ml. Fetal brains were examined using immunocytochemistry, in situ hybridization, receptor autoradiography, and nuclease protection assay analysis. No differences were found in the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine receptor mRNAs by days 40-45 of gestation. However, by day 60 the midbrain of monkeys exposed to cocaine had significantly reduced expression of tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis. Moreover, dopamine D1 and D2 receptor mRNAs were significantly elevated in the rostral forebrain as were D1 and D2 receptor binding sites in days 60-70 cocaine-exposed fetuses. Cocaine treatment from day 20 to days 60 and 70 of gestation also significantly increased the mRNA concentrations of dynorphin and enkephalin in the rostral forebrain. These findings suggest that in utero cocaine exposure has profound effects on the developing dopamine neurocircuitry.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)165-181
Number of pages17
JournalAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Volume846
DOIs
StatePublished - 1998

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • General Neuroscience
  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • History and Philosophy of Science

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Changes in the midbrain-rostral forebrain dopamine circuitry in the cocaine-exposed primate fetal brain'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this