TY - JOUR
T1 - Cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in breast milk
AU - Lewis, Paul
AU - Nduati, Ruth
AU - Kreiss, Joan K.
AU - John, Grace C.
AU - Richardson, Barbra A.
AU - Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy
AU - Ndinya-Achola, Jeckoniah
AU - Overbaugh, Julie
N1 - Funding Information:
Financial support: NIH (HD-23412, T22-TW00001, D43-TW00007); Pediatric AIDS Foundation (PF-77294-20). P. L. is a Pediatric AIDS Foundation Scholar.
PY - 1998
Y1 - 1998
N2 - Breast-feeding may be an important route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vertical transmission in settings where it is routinely practiced. To define the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 in cell-free breast milk, samples from HIV-1-seropositive women were analyzed by quantitative competitive reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (QC-RT-PCR). HIV-1 RNA was detected in 29 (39%) of 75 specimens tested. Of these 29 specimens, 16 (55%) had levels that were near the detection limit of the assay (240 copies/mL), while 6 (21%) had >900 copies/mL. The maximum concentration of HIV-1 RNA detected was 8100 copies/mL. The prevalence of cell-free HIV-1 was higher in mature milk (47%) than in colostrum (27%, P = 0.1). Because mature milk is consumed in large quantities, these data suggest that cell-free HIV-1 in breast milk may contribute to vertical transmission of HIV-1.
AB - Breast-feeding may be an important route of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vertical transmission in settings where it is routinely practiced. To define the prevalence and quantity of HIV-1 in cell-free breast milk, samples from HIV-1-seropositive women were analyzed by quantitative competitive reverse transcription - polymerase chain reaction (QC-RT-PCR). HIV-1 RNA was detected in 29 (39%) of 75 specimens tested. Of these 29 specimens, 16 (55%) had levels that were near the detection limit of the assay (240 copies/mL), while 6 (21%) had >900 copies/mL. The maximum concentration of HIV-1 RNA detected was 8100 copies/mL. The prevalence of cell-free HIV-1 was higher in mature milk (47%) than in colostrum (27%, P = 0.1). Because mature milk is consumed in large quantities, these data suggest that cell-free HIV-1 in breast milk may contribute to vertical transmission of HIV-1.
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U2 - 10.1086/513816
DO - 10.1086/513816
M3 - Article
C2 - 9419167
AN - SCOPUS:0031965206
SN - 0022-1899
VL - 177
SP - 34
EP - 39
JO - Journal of Infectious Diseases
JF - Journal of Infectious Diseases
IS - 1
ER -