Cell damage induced by Angiovist-370 and 308nm excimer laser radiation

Background and Objective: Radiographic contrast media containing iodine- labeled organic compounds can be present in the irradiated field during laser angioplasty using 308 nm excimer laser radiation. These compounds absorb light at 308 nm and may undergo photochemical reactions that produce products that damage cells. Study Design/Materials and Methods: This study was undertaken to determine whether photoproducts that damage human lymphocytes in vitro are formed when Angiovist 370 (AV), a contrast medium containing triiodinated aromatic compounds, is exposed to 308 nm radiation. Results: The absorption spectrum of AV developed a new peak at 360 nm that extended to wavelengths greater than 500 nm when dilute AV solutions were exposed to 308 nm radiation indicating that photoproducts were formed. Irradiating dilute AV solutions above a layer of human lymphocytes caused a dose-dependent decrease in thymidine incorporation using fluence rates between 5.2 x 10 ⁸ and 1.0 x 10 W/cm ². Decreased DNA synthesis was independent of the pulse length (10 ns vs. 230 ns) but was lower, at a given dose, when the highest fluence rate was used. Incubation of lymphocytes with preirradiated AV solutions also decreased incorporation of thymidine in a radiation dose-dependent manner. The cell damaging photoproducts in preirradiated AV solutions were unstable; within 15 min, the effectiveness had decreased by ~85%. Conclusions: These results indicate that exposure of AV to 308 nm excimer laser radiation produces photochemical products that damage human cells in vitro.