Catheterization for Congenital Heart Disease Adjustment for Risk Method (CHARM)

Lisa Bergersen, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Susan R. Foerster, Audrey C. Marshall, Doff B. McElhinney, Robert H. Beekman, Russel Hirsch, Jacqueline Kreutzer, David Balzer, Julie Vincent, William E. Hellenbrand, Ralf Holzer, John P. Cheatham, John W. Moore, Grant Burch, Laurie Armsby, James E. Lock, Kathy J. Jenkins

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

133 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to develop a method to adjust for case mix complexity in catheterization for congenital heart disease to allow equitable comparisons of adverse event (AE) rates. Background: The C3PO (Congenital Cardiac Catheterization Project on Outcomes) has been prospectively collecting data using a Web-based data entry tool on all catheterization cases at 8 pediatric institutions since 2007. Methods: A multivariable logistic regression model with high-severity AE outcome was built using a random sample of 75% of cases in the multicenter cohort; the models were assessed in the remaining 25%. Model discrimination was assessed by the C-statistic and calibration with Hosmer-Lemeshow test. The final models were used to calculate standardized AE ratios. Results: Between August 2007 and December 2009, 9,362 cases were recorded at 8 pediatric institutions of which high-severity events occurred in 454 cases (5%). Assessment of empirical data yielded 4 independent indicators of hemodynamic vulnerability. Final multivariable models included procedure type risk category (odds ratios [OR] for category: 2 = 2.4, 3 = 4.9, 4 = 7.6, all p < 0.001), number of hemodynamic indicators (OR for 1 indicator = 1.5, <2 = 1.8, p = 0.005 and p < 0.001), and age <1 year (OR: 1.3, p = 0.04), C-statistic 0.737, and Hosmer-Lemeshow test p = 0.74. Models performed well in the validation dataset, C-statistic 0.734. Institutional event rates ranged from 1.91% to 7.37% and standardized AE ratios ranged from 0.61 to 1.41. Conclusions: Using CHARM (Catheterization for Congenital Heart Disease Adjustment for Risk Method) to adjust for case mix complexity should allow comparisons of AE among institutions performing catheterization for congenital heart disease.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1037-1046
Number of pages10
JournalJACC: Cardiovascular Interventions
Volume4
Issue number9
DOIs
StatePublished - Sep 2011

Keywords

  • cardiac catheterization
  • cardiovascular interventions
  • complications
  • heart defects congenital
  • outcome

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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