@article{3bdf94f842534743a908b8e8653c1c49,
title = "Cachexia: A new definition",
abstract = "On December 13th and 14th a group of scientists and clinicians met in Washington, DC, for the cachexia consensus conference. At the present time, there is no widely agreed upon operational definition of cachexia. The lack of a definition accepted by clinician and researchers has limited identification and treatment of cachectic patient as well as the development and approval of potential therapeutic agents. The definition that emerged is: {"}cachexia, is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with underlying illness and characterized by loss of muscle with or without loss of fat mass. The prominent clinical feature of cachexia is weight loss in adults (corrected for fluid retention) or growth failure in children (excluding endocrine disorders). Anorexia, inflammation, insulin resistance and increased muscle protein breakdown are frequently associated with cachexia. Cachexia is distinct from starvation, age-related loss of muscle mass, primary depression, malabsorption and hyperthyroidism and is associated with increased morbidity. While this definition has not been tested in epidemiological or intervention studies, a consensus operational definition provides an opportunity for increased research.",
keywords = "Anorexia, Inflammation, Involuntary weight loss, Muscle wasting, Wasting disease",
author = "Evans, {William J.} and Morley, {John E.} and Josep Argil{\'e}s and Connie Bales and Vickie Baracos and Denis Guttridge and Aminah Jatoi and Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh and Herbert Lochs and Giovanni Mantovani and Daniel Marks and Mitch, {William E.} and Maurizio Muscaritoli and Armine Najand and Piotr Ponikowski and {Rossi Fanelli}, Filippo and Morrie Schambelan and Annemie Schols and Michael Schuster and David Thomas and Robert Wolfe and Anker, {Stefan D.}",
note = "Funding Information: Author affiliations Stefan Anker Charit{\'e} (CVK) Berlin, Germany s.anker@cachexia.de Josep Argil{\'e}s Universitat de Barcelona Barcelona, Spain Argiles@porthos.bio.ub.es Connie Bales Duke University Durham, NC bales001@mc.duke.edu Vickie Baracos University of Alberta Edmonton, Canada Vickieb@Cancerboard.ab.ca Amanda Boyce National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD BoyceA@NIH.gov William Evans Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System University Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, AR evanswilliamj@uams.edu Denis Guttridge Ohio State University Columbus, OH guttridge-1@medctr.osu.edu Aminah Jatoi Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN Jatoi.Aminah@Jatoi.edu Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh Harbor-UCLA Medical Center Los Angeles, CA kkalantar@rei.edu Herbert Lochs Charit{\'e} (CCM) Berlin, Germany herbert.lochs@charite.de Giovanni Mantovani University of Cagliari Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy mantovan@pacs.unca.it Daniel Marks Oregon University Health & Sciences Portland, OR marksd@ohsu.edu William Mitch Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX Mitch@bcm.edu John Morley Saint Louis University St. Louis, MO Morley@SLU.edu Maurizio Muscaritoli University La Sapienza Rome, Italy Maurizio.Muscaritoli@uniroma1.it Armine Najand MEGS Alpharetta, GA http://www.mededgs.com Glen Nuckolls National Institutes of Health Bethesda, MD nuckollg@nih.gov Mary Perry National Cancer Institute Bethesda, MD perryma@mail.nih ,gov Piotr Ponikowski Clinical Military Hospital Wroclaw, Poland piotrponikowski@4wsk.pl Filippo Rossi Fanelli University La Sapienza Rome, Italy filippo.rossifanelli@uniroma1.it Morrie Schambelan UC San Francisco General Hospital San Francisco CA morrie@sfghgcrc.ucsf.edu Annemie Schols University Hospital Maastricht, Netherlands a.schols@pul.unimaas.nl Michael Schuster New York Presbytarian New York, NY mwschuster@pol.net David Thomas Saint Louis University St. Louis, MO Drthomas@SLU.edu Robert Wolfe University Arkansas Little Rock, AR Rwolfe2@uams.edu ",
year = "2008",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1016/j.clnu.2008.06.013",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "27",
pages = "793--799",
journal = "Clinical Nutrition",
issn = "0261-5614",
publisher = "Churchill Livingstone",
number = "6",
}