TY - JOUR
T1 - Biochemical and biologic characterization of murine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1
T2 - Identification of two functional domains
AU - Ernst, Catherine A.
AU - Zhang, Yu Jun
AU - Hancock, Paul R.
AU - Rutledge, Barbara J.
AU - Corless, Christopher L.
AU - Rollins, Barrett J.
PY - 1994/4/1
Y1 - 1994/4/1
N2 - Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a member of the chemokine- β (or C-C) family of cytokines. Murine MCP-1, first identified as the JE gene, differs from human MCP-1 in molecular size and extent of glycosylation. We have used Chinese hamster ovary cells to express recombinant murine MCP-1 and find that its predominant form is a microheterogeneous protein of M(r) ≃ 25,000. Most of MCP-1's microheterogeneity is due to variable amounts of sialic acid that are terminally attached to a constant number of O-linked oligosaccharide chains per molecule. This carbohydrate, along with a small amount of N-linked carbohydrate, accounts for 50% of the apparent molecular size of murine MCP-1 and is not required for in vitro monocyte chemoattractant activity. Mutational analysis shows that most of the carbohydrate is added to a 49-amino acid C-terminal domain that is not present in human MCP-1 and is not required for in vitro biologic activity, suggesting that murine MCP-1 consists of an N-terminal domain containing monocyte chemoattractant activity and a heavily glycosylated C-terminal domain of as yet unknown function. MCP-1 produced in COS cells contains a small amount of sulfate, but Chinese hamster ovary-produced MCP-1 does not. The absence of sulfate does not alter MCP-1's in vitro chemoattractant properties. In vitro, highly purified murine MCP-1 attracts monocytes, but not neutrophils, with a specific activity similar to human MCP-1 (EC50 ≃ 0.5 nM). Equilibrium binding experiments with human monocytes reveal the presence of ≃3000 binding sites per cell with a K(d) of 0.77 nM. In vivo, injection of up to 1 μg murine MCP-1 in a variety of murine strains induces the appearance of a sparse mixed inflammatory infiltrate. The disparity between MCP-1's in vitro and in vivo effects suggests that other factors may be required to elicit a full-blown monocyte chemotactic response to MCP-1 in vivo.
AB - Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) is a member of the chemokine- β (or C-C) family of cytokines. Murine MCP-1, first identified as the JE gene, differs from human MCP-1 in molecular size and extent of glycosylation. We have used Chinese hamster ovary cells to express recombinant murine MCP-1 and find that its predominant form is a microheterogeneous protein of M(r) ≃ 25,000. Most of MCP-1's microheterogeneity is due to variable amounts of sialic acid that are terminally attached to a constant number of O-linked oligosaccharide chains per molecule. This carbohydrate, along with a small amount of N-linked carbohydrate, accounts for 50% of the apparent molecular size of murine MCP-1 and is not required for in vitro monocyte chemoattractant activity. Mutational analysis shows that most of the carbohydrate is added to a 49-amino acid C-terminal domain that is not present in human MCP-1 and is not required for in vitro biologic activity, suggesting that murine MCP-1 consists of an N-terminal domain containing monocyte chemoattractant activity and a heavily glycosylated C-terminal domain of as yet unknown function. MCP-1 produced in COS cells contains a small amount of sulfate, but Chinese hamster ovary-produced MCP-1 does not. The absence of sulfate does not alter MCP-1's in vitro chemoattractant properties. In vitro, highly purified murine MCP-1 attracts monocytes, but not neutrophils, with a specific activity similar to human MCP-1 (EC50 ≃ 0.5 nM). Equilibrium binding experiments with human monocytes reveal the presence of ≃3000 binding sites per cell with a K(d) of 0.77 nM. In vivo, injection of up to 1 μg murine MCP-1 in a variety of murine strains induces the appearance of a sparse mixed inflammatory infiltrate. The disparity between MCP-1's in vitro and in vivo effects suggests that other factors may be required to elicit a full-blown monocyte chemotactic response to MCP-1 in vivo.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 8144933
AN - SCOPUS:0028258920
SN - 0022-1767
VL - 152
SP - 3541
EP - 3549
JO - Journal of Immunology
JF - Journal of Immunology
IS - 7
ER -