Associations between diet and cardiometabolic risk among Yup'ik Alaska Native people using food frequency questionnaire dietary patterns

T. K. Ryman, B. B. Boyer, S. Hopkins, J. Philip, S. A.A. Beresford, B. Thompson, P. J. Heagerty, J. J. Pomeroy, K. E. Thummel, M. A. Austin

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

15 Scopus citations

Abstract

Background and aims: In previous analyses, we identified three dietary patterns from food frequency questionnaire data among a sample of Yup'ik Alaska Native people living in Southwest Alaska: a "subsistence foods" dietary pattern and two market-based dietary patterns "processed foods" and "fruits and vegetables". In this analysis, we aimed to characterize the association between the dietary patterns and cardiometabolic (CM) risk factors (lipids, blood pressure, glucose, adiposity). Methods and results: We used multilevel linear regression to estimate the mean of each CM risk factor, comparing participants in the 4th to the 1st quartile of each dietary pattern (n = 637). Models were adjusted for age, sex, past smoking, current smoking, and physical activity. Mean log triglyceride levels were significantly higher among participants in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile of the processed foods dietary pattern (β = 0.11). Mean HbA1c percent was significantly lower (β = -0.08) and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) mm Hg was significantly higher (β = 2.87) among participants in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile of the fruits and vegetables dietary pattern. Finally, mean log triglyceride levels and mean DBP mm Hg were significantly lower among participants in the 4th compared to the 1st quartile of the subsistence foods dietary pattern (β = -0.10 and β = -3.99 respectively). Conclusions: We found increased CM risk, as reflected by increased triglycerides, associated with eating a greater frequency of processed foods, and reduced CM risk, as reflected by lower triglycerides and DBP, associated with eating a greater frequency of subsistence foods.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1140-1145
Number of pages6
JournalNutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases
Volume25
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2015
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • Alaska Native
  • Cardiometabolic
  • Dietary pattern
  • FFQ
  • Food frequency questionnaire
  • Yup'ik

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Medicine (miscellaneous)
  • Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
  • Nutrition and Dietetics
  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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