Antibacterial Envelope Is Associated With Low Infection Rates After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator and Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Device Replacement: Results of the Citadel and Centurion Studies

Charles A. Henrikson, M. Rizwan Sohail, Helbert Acosta, Eric E. Johnson, Lawrence Rosenthal, Roman Pachulski, Dan Dan, Walter Paladino, Farhat S. Khairallah, Kent Gleed, Ibrahim Hanna, Alan Cheng, Daniel R. Lexcen, Grant R. Simons

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

47 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objectives This study sought to determine whether the nonabsorbable TYRX Antibacterial Envelope (TYRX) reduces major cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infections 12 months after implant. Background TYRX is a monofilament polypropylene mesh impregnated with minocycline and rifampin specifically designed to hold a CIED in place and elute antimicrobials over time. There are limited data on its ability to reduce CIED infections. Methods We prospectively enrolled patients who underwent generator replacement with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) or cardiac resynchronization therapy device (CRT), treated with TYRX. The primary endpoints were major CIED infection and CIED mechanical complications. Given the differences in infection rates among ICD and CRT patients, 3 different control populations were used: a published benchmark rate for ICD patients, and both site-matched and comorbidity-matched controls groups for CRT patients. Results Overall, a major CIED infection occurred in 5 of 1,129 patients treated with TYRX (0.4%; 95% confidence interval: 0.0% to 0.9%), significantly lower than the 12-month benchmark rate of 2.2% (p = 0.0023). Among the TYRX-treated CRT cohort, the major CIED infection rate was 0.7% compared with an infection rate of 1.0% and 1.3% (p = 0.38 and p = 0.02) in site-matched and comorbidity-matched control groups, respectively. Among the ICD group, the 12-month infection rate was 0.2% compared with the published benchmark of 2.2% (p = 0.0052). The most common CIED mechanical complication in study patients was pocket hematoma, which occurred in 18 of the 1,129 patients (1.6%; 95% confidence interval: 0.8 to 2.5), which is comparable with a published rate of 1.6%. Conclusions Use of TYRX was associated with a lower major CIED infection rate.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)1158-1167
Number of pages10
JournalJACC: Clinical Electrophysiology
Volume3
Issue number10
DOIs
StatePublished - Oct 2017

Keywords

  • antibacterial envelope
  • antibiotic prophylaxis
  • implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
  • infection
  • pacemaker

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Physiology (medical)

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