TY - JOUR
T1 - Altered energy production, lowered antioxidant potential, and inflammatory processes mediate CNS damage associated with abuse of the psychostimulants MDMA and methamphetamine
AU - Downey, Luke A.
AU - Loftis, Jennifer M.
N1 - Funding Information:
The research discussed in this review was in part supported by National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) , National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants ( DA028537 and DA018165 ). This material was also supported with resources and the use of facilities at the Portland Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center and Oregon Health & Sciences University. Dr. Jennifer Loftis is a Research Scientist at the Portland VA Medical Center. Dr. Luke Downey is supported by a National Health and Medical Research Council (NH&MRC) biomedical fellowship (APP1054279).
PY - 2014/3/15
Y1 - 2014/3/15
N2 - Central nervous system (CNS) damage associated with psychostimulant dependence may be an ongoing, degenerative process with adverse effects on neuropsychiatric function. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding how altered energy regulation affects immune response in the context of substance use disorders are not fully understood. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the effects of psychostimulant [particularly 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine] exposure on brain energy regulation, immune response, and neuropsychiatric function. Importantly, the neuropsychiatric impairments (e.g.; cognitive deficits, depression, and anxiety) that persist following abstinence are associated with poorer treatment outcomes - increased relapse rates, lower treatment retention rates, and reduced daily functioning. Qualifying the molecular changes within the CNS according to the exposure and use patterns of specifically abused substances should inform the development of new therapeutic approaches for addiction treatment.
AB - Central nervous system (CNS) damage associated with psychostimulant dependence may be an ongoing, degenerative process with adverse effects on neuropsychiatric function. However, the molecular mechanisms regarding how altered energy regulation affects immune response in the context of substance use disorders are not fully understood. This review summarizes the current evidence regarding the effects of psychostimulant [particularly 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) and methamphetamine] exposure on brain energy regulation, immune response, and neuropsychiatric function. Importantly, the neuropsychiatric impairments (e.g.; cognitive deficits, depression, and anxiety) that persist following abstinence are associated with poorer treatment outcomes - increased relapse rates, lower treatment retention rates, and reduced daily functioning. Qualifying the molecular changes within the CNS according to the exposure and use patterns of specifically abused substances should inform the development of new therapeutic approaches for addiction treatment.
KW - 34-Methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA)
KW - Bioenergetics
KW - Inflammation
KW - Methamphetamine
KW - Neurodegenerative diseases
KW - Oxidative stress
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U2 - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.032
DO - 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.01.032
M3 - Review article
C2 - 24485894
AN - SCOPUS:84893688615
SN - 0014-2999
VL - 727
SP - 125
EP - 129
JO - European Journal of Pharmacology
JF - European Journal of Pharmacology
IS - 1
ER -