Abstract
Introduction: Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia with severe neuroglycopenia has been identified as a late complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) in a small number of patients. Discussion: The rapid resolution of type 2 diabetes mellitus after RYGB is probably related to increased secretion of the incretin hormones glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and patients with post-RYGB hypoglycemia demonstrate prolonged elevations of GIP and GLP-1 compared to non-hypoglycemic post-RYGB patients. Nesidioblastosis has been identified in some patients with post-RYGB hypoglycemia and is likely due to the trophic effects of GIP and GLP-1 on pancreatic islets. Conclusions: Treatment of hypoglycemia after RYGB should begin with strict dietary (low carbohydrate) alteration and may require a trial of diazoxide, octreotide, or calcium-channel antagonists, among other drugs. Surgical therapy should include consideration of a restrictive form of bariatric procedure, with or without reconstitution of gastrointestinal continuity. Partial or total pancreatic resection should be avoided.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1879-1888 |
Number of pages | 10 |
Journal | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery |
Volume | 15 |
Issue number | 10 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Oct 2011 |
Externally published | Yes |
Keywords
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)
- Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)
- Hypoglycemia
- Nesidioblastosis
- Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Surgery
- Gastroenterology