TY - JOUR
T1 - Acetoacetyl-CoA reductase activity of lactating bovine mammary fatty acid synthase.
AU - Dodds, P. F.
AU - Guzman, M. G.
AU - Chalberg, S. C.
AU - Anderson, G. J.
AU - Kumar, S.
N1 - Copyright:
Medline is the source for the citation and abstract of this record.
PY - 1981/6/25
Y1 - 1981/6/25
N2 - Fatty acid synthase, purified from lactating bovine mammary gland, utilizes coenzyme A esters of acetoacetic, 3-hydroxybutyric, and crotonic acids as substrates for its partial reactions at micromolar concentrations. The NADPH:acetoacetyl-CoA reductase had a Km of 5 microM acetoacetyl-CoA and a Vmax of about 4 mumol of NADPH oxidized min-1 mg-1. In contrast, the Km for the model compound, acetoacetyl pantetheine was 820 microM and that of S-acetoacetyl-N-acetylcysteamine was over 40 mM. The reduction of acetoacetyl-CoA was observed with the enzyme from rat tissues also but not with those from avian tissues or yeast. With the bovine mammary enzyme, the reaction was found to oxidize 2 mol of NADPH for every mol of acetoacetyl-CoA consumed. Butyrate was the major product of reduction. The reductase activity was susceptible to inhibition by several sulfhydryl reagents; it was lost when the synthase was dissociated into one-half molecular weight subunits or when the incubation mixture was depleted of CoA. It was competitively inhibited by acetyl-CoA, butyryl-CoA, methylmalonyl-CoA, and 2-methylcrotonyl-CoA. These results as well as its use as a primer in fatty acid synthesis by the enzyme suggest that the acetoacetyl group from acetoacetyl-CoA is transferred to the enzyme, presumably to its 4'-phosphopantheine prosthetic group. The acyl group is then expected to remain attached to the enzyme while it is reduced, dehydrated, and reduced again to form a butyryl group which can either undergo chain elongation, if malonyl-CoA is present, or be released from the enzyme by hydrolysis or transfer to free CoA.
AB - Fatty acid synthase, purified from lactating bovine mammary gland, utilizes coenzyme A esters of acetoacetic, 3-hydroxybutyric, and crotonic acids as substrates for its partial reactions at micromolar concentrations. The NADPH:acetoacetyl-CoA reductase had a Km of 5 microM acetoacetyl-CoA and a Vmax of about 4 mumol of NADPH oxidized min-1 mg-1. In contrast, the Km for the model compound, acetoacetyl pantetheine was 820 microM and that of S-acetoacetyl-N-acetylcysteamine was over 40 mM. The reduction of acetoacetyl-CoA was observed with the enzyme from rat tissues also but not with those from avian tissues or yeast. With the bovine mammary enzyme, the reaction was found to oxidize 2 mol of NADPH for every mol of acetoacetyl-CoA consumed. Butyrate was the major product of reduction. The reductase activity was susceptible to inhibition by several sulfhydryl reagents; it was lost when the synthase was dissociated into one-half molecular weight subunits or when the incubation mixture was depleted of CoA. It was competitively inhibited by acetyl-CoA, butyryl-CoA, methylmalonyl-CoA, and 2-methylcrotonyl-CoA. These results as well as its use as a primer in fatty acid synthesis by the enzyme suggest that the acetoacetyl group from acetoacetyl-CoA is transferred to the enzyme, presumably to its 4'-phosphopantheine prosthetic group. The acyl group is then expected to remain attached to the enzyme while it is reduced, dehydrated, and reduced again to form a butyryl group which can either undergo chain elongation, if malonyl-CoA is present, or be released from the enzyme by hydrolysis or transfer to free CoA.
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M3 - Article
C2 - 7016867
AN - SCOPUS:0019888207
SN - 0021-9258
VL - 256
SP - 6282
EP - 6290
JO - Journal of Biological Chemistry
JF - Journal of Biological Chemistry
IS - 12
ER -