TY - JOUR
T1 - A randomized clinical trial of treatment of clomiphene citrate-resistant anovulation with the use of oral contraceptive pill suppression and repeat clomiphene citrate treatment
AU - Branigan, Emmett F.
AU - Estes, M. Antoinette
AU - Kettel, Michael
AU - Lentz, Gretchen
AU - Gamberdella, Frank
AU - Patton, Phillip
AU - Learman, Lee
AU - Henderson, Simon
PY - 2003/6/1
Y1 - 2003/6/1
N2 - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and endocrine response of oral contraceptive ovarian suppression followed by clomiphene citrate in patients who previously were clomiphene citrate resistant. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-eight patients from a private tertiary infertility clinic were assigned randomly prospectively to either group 1 (oral contraceptive/clomiphene citrate), which received continuous oral contraceptives followed by clomiphene citrate, or to group 2 (control) received no treatment in the cycle before clomiphene citrate treatment. On day 3, 17β-estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and androgens were assayed before and after treatment. Follicle growth, ovulation, and pregnancy were evaluated. The Student t test and analysis of variance were used for statistical significance. RESULTS: The oral contraceptive/clomiphene citrate group had a significantly higher percentage of patients who ovulated and of ovulatory cycles and pregnancies. Significantly lower levels of 17β-estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and androgen levels were seen in the oral contraceptive/clomiphene citrate group, with no significant changes in group 2. CONCLUSION: Suppression of the ovary with oral contraceptives results in excellent rates of ovulation and pregnancy in patients who previously were resistant to clomiphene citrate. The decreases in ovarian androgens, luteinizing hormone, and 17β-estradiol may be responsible for the improved response.
AB - OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and endocrine response of oral contraceptive ovarian suppression followed by clomiphene citrate in patients who previously were clomiphene citrate resistant. STUDY DESIGN: Forty-eight patients from a private tertiary infertility clinic were assigned randomly prospectively to either group 1 (oral contraceptive/clomiphene citrate), which received continuous oral contraceptives followed by clomiphene citrate, or to group 2 (control) received no treatment in the cycle before clomiphene citrate treatment. On day 3, 17β-estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and androgens were assayed before and after treatment. Follicle growth, ovulation, and pregnancy were evaluated. The Student t test and analysis of variance were used for statistical significance. RESULTS: The oral contraceptive/clomiphene citrate group had a significantly higher percentage of patients who ovulated and of ovulatory cycles and pregnancies. Significantly lower levels of 17β-estradiol, luteinizing hormone, and androgen levels were seen in the oral contraceptive/clomiphene citrate group, with no significant changes in group 2. CONCLUSION: Suppression of the ovary with oral contraceptives results in excellent rates of ovulation and pregnancy in patients who previously were resistant to clomiphene citrate. The decreases in ovarian androgens, luteinizing hormone, and 17β-estradiol may be responsible for the improved response.
KW - Androgen
KW - Chronic anovulation
KW - Clomiphene citrate
KW - Oral contraceptive
KW - Suppression
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U2 - 10.1067/mob.2003.459
DO - 10.1067/mob.2003.459
M3 - Article
C2 - 12824973
AN - SCOPUS:0038000700
SN - 0002-9378
VL - 188
SP - 1424
EP - 1430
JO - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
JF - American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
IS - 6
ER -