Network
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Organizational unit: University
Oregon National Primate Research Center
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Organizational unit: Center
Oregon Clinical and Translational Research Institute
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Organizational unit: Department
Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Organizational unit: Institute
Institute on Development and Disability
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Organizational unit: Institute
Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences
Oregon Health and Sciences University
Organizational unit: Institute
Bioanalytical Shared Resource / Pharmacokinetics Core
Research Cores and Shared Resources
Organizational unit: Department
Oregon Health and Science University
External organization: Academic
National Eye Institute and Casey Eye Institute
External organization: Unknown
Research to Prevent Blindness
External organization: Unknown
National Institutes of Health
External organization: Government
University of Pennsylvania
External organization: Academic
Johns Hopkins University
External organization: Academic
Harvard University
External organization: Academic
University of Illinois at Chicago
External organization: Academic
University of Miami
External organization: Academic
Foundation Fighting Blindness
External organization: Unknown
University of California at San Francisco
External organization: Academic
University of California at Los Angeles
External organization: Academic
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
External organization: Academic
Oregon State University/Oregon Health and Science University
External organization: Unknown
Emory University
External organization: Academic
University College London
External organization: Academic
University of Wisconsin-Madison
External organization: Academic
Stan and Madelle Rosenfeld Family Trust
External organization: Unknown
University of Washington
External organization: Academic
Stanford University
External organization: Academic
Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
External organization: Medical
University of Iowa
External organization: Academic
University of Southern California
External organization: Academic
Duke University
External organization: Academic
Oregon Health and Science University
External organization: Unknown
Columbia University
External organization: Academic
Baylor College of Medicine
External organization: Academic
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
External organization: Academic
Casey Eye Institute from the Research to Prevent Blindness
External organization: Unknown
University of Toronto
External organization: Academic
William and Mary Bauman Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN
External organization: Medical
Legacy Clinical Research and Technology Center
External organization: Medical
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
External organization: Medical
Portland VA Medical Center
External organization: Medical
University of Pittsburgh
External organization: Academic
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
External organization: Unknown
Cornell University
External organization: Academic
University of Utah
External organization: Academic
University of California at San Diego
External organization: Academic
National Center for Research Resources
External organization: Unknown
Northwestern University
External organization: Academic
Massachusetts General Hospital
External organization: Medical
Medical College of Wisconsin
External organization: Academic
University of California at Davis
External organization: Academic
University of Melbourne
External organization: Academic
Vanderbilt University
External organization: Academic
Jaeb Center for Health Research
External organization: Unknown
University of British Columbia
External organization: Academic
University of Alabama at Birmingham
External organization: Academic
Case Western Reserve University
External organization: Academic
Casey Eye Institute
External organization: Unknown
Genentech
External organization: Unknown
Retina Foundation of the Southwest
External organization: Academic
The Ocular Immunology and Uveitus Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Tufts University
External organization: Academic
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs
External organization: Unknown
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
External organization: Unknown
Yale University
External organization: Academic
Thomas Jefferson University
External organization: Academic
Massachusetts Eye and Ear
External organization: Unknown
University of Tübingen
External organization: Academic
William & Mary Greve
External organization: Unknown
Kaiser Permanente
External organization: Medical
New York University
External organization: Academic
National Institute of Health National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
External organization: Unknown
Universidade Federal de São Paulo
External organization: Academic
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
External organization: Unknown
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
External organization: Academic
Pfizer
External organization: Corporate
The National Natural Science Foundation of China
External organization: Unknown
AbbVie
External organization: Corporate
Simon Fraser University
External organization: Academic
University of Minnesota Twin Cities
External organization: Academic
Spondylitis Association of America
External organization: Unknown
Novartis
External organization: Unknown
Aravind Eye Hospital
External organization: Medical
University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus
External organization: Academic
University of Florida
External organization: Academic
The EMMES Corporation
External organization: Corporate
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
External organization: Academic
National Institute of Health-National Cancer Institute
External organization: Unknown
Department of Veterans Affairs
External organization: Government
Flinders University
External organization: Academic
University of Rochester
External organization: Academic
Northeastern University
External organization: Academic
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
External organization: Medical
Gilead Sciences
External organization: Unknown
Wills Eye Hospital
External organization: Medical
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center
External organization: Medical
University of California at Irvine
External organization: Academic
BrightFocus Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Ohio State University
External organization: Academic
Sorbonne Université
External organization: Academic
Optovue, Inc.
External organization: Unknown
Collins Medical Trust
External organization: Unknown
Boston Children's Hospital
External organization: Medical
UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London
External organization: Unknown
University of Nebraska Medical Center
External organization: Academic
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
External organization: Unknown
Heidelberg University
External organization: Academic
National Institute for Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
External organization: Unknown
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
External organization: Academic
Sun Yat-Sen University
External organization: Academic
Washington University St. Louis
External organization: Academic
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
External organization: Academic
University of Bristol
External organization: Academic
University of Regensburg
External organization: Academic
McGill University
External organization: Academic
University of Arizona
External organization: Academic
Children's Hospital Los Angeles
External organization: Medical
Singapore National Eye Center
External organization: Medical
NIH-NEI
External organization: Unknown
University of Cincinnati
External organization: Academic
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
External organization: Unknown
University of Sydney
External organization: Academic
University of Houston
External organization: Academic
Rockefeller University
External organization: Academic
Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
External organization: Academic
Alcon Research Institute
External organization: Unknown
Wellcome Trust
External organization: Unknown
Boston University
External organization: Academic
SUNY Buffalo
External organization: Academic
Moorfields Eye Hospital Special Trustees
External organization: Unknown
University of Queensland
External organization: Academic
University of Bonn
External organization: Academic
Ghent University
External organization: Academic
King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital
External organization: Medical
Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg
External organization: Academic
University of Colorado Denver
External organization: Academic
Georgetown University
External organization: Academic
Houston Methodist
External organization: Medical
The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
External organization: Medical
University of Alberta
External organization: Academic
American Academy of Ophthalmology
External organization: Unknown
Doheny Eye Institute
External organization: Medical
Fudan University
External organization: Academic
Fight for Sight UK
External organization: Unknown
Paul MacKall and Evanina Bell MacKall Trust
External organization: Unknown
Université Paris Cité
External organization: Academic
University of Louisville
External organization: Academic
Indiana University Bloomington
External organization: Academic
University of California at Berkeley
External organization: Academic
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
External organization: Unknown
Medical University of Vienna
External organization: Academic
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
External organization: Academic
VA Medical Center
External organization: Medical
Northeastern University
External organization: Unknown
California Pacific Medical Center
External organization: Medical
KU Leuven
External organization: Academic
Oregon Medical Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Heed Ophthalmic Foundation
External organization: Unknown
U.S. National Library of Medicine
External organization: Unknown
Applied Genetic Technologies Corporation
External organization: Unknown
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
External organization: Unknown
National Institute of General Medical Sciences
External organization: Unknown
University of Montreal
External organization: Academic
University of Copenhagen
External organization: Academic
The University of Chicago
External organization: Academic
Radboud University Nijmegen
External organization: Academic
Moorfields Eye Charity
External organization: Unknown
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
External organization: Unknown
Shandong Normal University
External organization: Academic
Queen's University Belfast
External organization: Academic
Australian National Health and Medical Research Council
External organization: Unknown
National Institute of Health National Eye Institute
External organization: Unknown
Wake Forest University
External organization: Academic
Centre hospitalier national d’ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts
External organization: Medical
Asociacion para Evitar la Ceguera en Mexico, I.A.P.
External organization: Unknown
Leiden University
External organization: Academic
Mahidol University
External organization: Academic
Tufts Medical Center
External organization: Medical
Hadassah University Medical Centre
External organization: Medical
Allergan
External organization: Unknown
Grandmaison Fund for Autoimmunity Research
External organization: Unknown
Georgia Institute of Technology
External organization: Academic
Roche
External organization: Unknown
Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale
External organization: Government
University of Kentucky
External organization: Academic
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
External organization: Academic
Duke University
External organization: Unknown
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
External organization: Medical
Edward N. and Della L. Thome Memorial Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Erasmus University Rotterdam
External organization: Academic
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
External organization: Unknown
University of Western Australia
External organization: Academic
Sungkyunkwan University
External organization: Academic
Medical Research Council/Biological Sciences Research Council
External organization: Unknown
Knights Templar Eye Foundation
External organization: Unknown
King's College London
External organization: Academic
Carl Zeiss Meditec
External organization: Unknown
William Beaumont Hospital
External organization: Medical
University of Cambridge
External organization: Academic
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
External organization: Medical
Capital Medical University
External organization: Academic
Seoul National University
External organization: Academic
Keio University
External organization: Academic
Continuum Health Partners, Inc.
External organization: Medical
Zhejiang University
External organization: Academic
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
External organization: Academic
Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children
External organization: Medical
National University of Singapore
External organization: Academic
University of Calgary
External organization: Academic
William C. Kuzell Foundation
External organization: Unknown
SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University
External organization: Academic
Rush University
External organization: Academic
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
External organization: Medical
Foundation for the National Institutes of Health
External organization: Unknown
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust/Institute of Cancer Research
External organization: Unknown
Medical University of South Carolina
External organization: Academic
Universidade de São Paulo
External organization: Academic
University of Edinburgh
External organization: Academic
Chulalongkorn University
External organization: Academic
University of Oklahoma
External organization: Academic
Ohio University
External organization: Academic
National Institute of Aging
External organization: Unknown
University of Cologne
External organization: Academic
University of Waterloo
External organization: Academic
University of New South Wales
External organization: Academic
Rheumatology Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
University of Kansas
External organization: Academic
St. Luke's Cataract and Laser Institute
External organization: Unknown
NightstarX
External organization: Corporate
National Institute for Health Research Doctoral Research
External organization: Unknown
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
External organization: Unknown
Chang Gung University
External organization: Academic
Lund University
External organization: Academic
West Virginia University
External organization: Academic
Wayne State University
External organization: Academic
University of Connecticut
External organization: Academic
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
External organization: Academic
NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
External organization: Unknown
Lions VisionGift
External organization: Unknown
University of Basel
External organization: Academic
Biogen
External organization: Unknown
Tel Aviv University
External organization: Academic
University of Freiburg
External organization: Academic
University of Southampton
External organization: Academic
Palo Alto Medical Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Myungsung Christian Medical Center
External organization: Unknown
Gyeongsang National University
External organization: Academic
Tokyo Medical and Dental University
External organization: Academic
Royal Victorian Eye & Ear Hospital, Melbourne
External organization: Medical
Retina
External organization: Unknown
University of Texas at Dallas
External organization: Academic
Glaucoma Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Hospital for Special Surgery - New York
External organization: Medical
University of Virginia
External organization: Academic
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
External organization: Medical
Utrecht University
External organization: Academic
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
External organization: Academic
NIH Office of the Director
External organization: Unknown
Genentech Incorporated
External organization: Corporate
Oregon State University
External organization: Academic
Fundação Champalimaud
External organization: Unknown
University of Oxford
External organization: Academic
COPD Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
External organization: Government
George Washington University
External organization: Academic
Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz
External organization: Academic
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
External organization: Unknown
Novartis
External organization: Corporate
Israel Ministry of the Environmental Protection
External organization: Government
Texas Children's Hospital Houston
External organization: Medical
UCL Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust
External organization: Unknown
United States Agency for International Development
External organization: Unknown
Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore
External organization: Unknown
UCL Institute of Ophthalmology
External organization: Unknown
Vitreous Retina Macula Consultants of New York
External organization: Unknown
Applied Genetic Technologies Corporation
External organization: Corporate
Imperial College London
External organization: Academic
Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL
External organization: Medical
Janssen Pharmaceuticals
External organization: Unknown
Thorlabs, Inc.
External organization: Corporate
University of Vermont
External organization: Academic
University of Aberdeen
External organization: Academic
University of North Texas Health Science Center
External organization: Academic
Hospital Clinic Barcelona
External organization: Unknown
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
External organization: Academic
University of Manitoba
External organization: Academic
Santen
External organization: Unknown
Academic Medical Center Amsterdam
External organization: Unknown
University of Birmingham
External organization: Academic
Marshall B. Ketchum University
External organization: Academic
Midwest Eye Institute
External organization: Unknown
University of Bern
External organization: Academic
Augusta University
External organization: Academic
University of Würzburg
External organization: Academic
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
External organization: Government
Oakland University
External organization: Academic
Third Military Medical University
External organization: Academic
Dean McGee Eye Institute
External organization: Academic
National Institute for Health and Care Research
External organization: Unknown
Michael Smith Foundation for Health Research
External organization: Unknown
Karolinska Institutet
External organization: Academic
Retina-Vitreous Associates Medical Group
External organization: Unknown
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
External organization: Unknown
University of Greifswald
External organization: Academic
University of Texas at Austin
External organization: Academic
National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center
External organization: Medical
American Health Assistance Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Foundation Fighting Blindness Canada
External organization: Unknown
Université Paris-Est Créteil
External organization: Academic
Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
External organization: Government
San Francisco VA and University of California, San Francisco
External organization: Unknown
Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick
External organization: Academic
National Human Genome Research Institute
External organization: Unknown
Medical University of Graz
External organization: Academic
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
External organization: Academic
Texas Retina Associates
External organization: Unknown
Université de Strasbourg
External organization: Academic
Brown University
External organization: Academic
University of Amsterdam
External organization: Academic
New York Medical College
External organization: Academic
University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
External organization: Academic
Monash University
External organization: Academic
Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
External organization: Academic
Oxford Eye Hospital
External organization: Medical
American Heart Association/American Stroke Association
External organization: Unknown
Semmelweis University
External organization: Academic
Queen's University Kingston
External organization: Academic
Pennsylvania State University Hershey
External organization: Academic
The University of Tokyo
External organization: Academic
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
External organization: Academic
Saint Louis University
External organization: Academic
The Tampa Bay Uveitis Center
External organization: Unknown
University of Lincoln
External organization: Academic
Wenzhou Medical University
External organization: Academic
University of California at Santa Barbara
External organization: Academic
Alzheimer Society Research Program/Pacific Alzheimer Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Newcastle University
External organization: Academic
University of Massachusetts Medical School
External organization: Academic
University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences
External organization: Unknown
Northwell Health System
External organization: Medical
Lewis Rudin Glaucoma Prize and Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation
External organization: Unknown
University College Dublin
External organization: Academic
Michigan State University
External organization: Academic
Scripps Research Institute
External organization: Unknown
Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale School of Medicine
External organization: Unknown
University of Oregon
External organization: Academic
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
External organization: Academic
Marshfield Clinic
External organization: Medical
Cullen College of Engineering
External organization: Unknown
Kyushu University
External organization: Academic
University of Münster
External organization: Academic
Ewha Womans University
External organization: Academic
University of Padua
External organization: Academic
Heidelberg Engineering (Heidelberg, Germany), Amgen
External organization: Unknown
Retinitis Pigmentosa Fighting Blindness
External organization: Unknown
That Man May See Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Autonomous University of Barcelona
External organization: Academic
St. Jude Children Research Hospital
External organization: Medical
New York Presbyterian Hospital
External organization: Medical
Baylor Health Care System
External organization: Medical
National Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation Fighting Blindness
External organization: Unknown
Prevent Blindness
External organization: Unknown
Retinal Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
National Research Council of Italy
External organization: Government
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
External organization: Government
University of Texas Health Center at Tyler
External organization: Academic
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center
External organization: Academic
Lions VisionGift
External organization: Unknown
Iowa State University
External organization: Academic
Shanxi Medical University
External organization: Academic
Sanofi
External organization: Unknown
Oxford National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre
External organization: Unknown
Hallym University
External organization: Academic
Peking University
External organization: Academic
Vitreo Retinal Associates
External organization: Unknown
Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild
External organization: Unknown
Institut Curie
External organization: Academic
Bristol Eye Hospital
External organization: Medical
Yeshiva University
External organization: Academic
Vision Research Foundation India
External organization: Government
Tennessee Retina
External organization: Unknown
Albany Medical College
External organization: Academic
Office of Dietary Supplements
External organization: Unknown
Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Shandong Province
External organization: Unknown
Medical Research Foundation/Oregon Health Sciences Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Nanyang Technological University
External organization: Academic
St. Giles Foundation
External organization: Unknown
University of Mississippi
External organization: Academic
The Chicago Lighthouse
External organization: Unknown
University of Zurich
External organization: Academic
University of Helsinki
External organization: Academic
SUNY Upstate Medical University
External organization: Academic
Portland State University
External organization: Academic
Osaka University
External organization: Academic
Choroideremia Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
William and Mary Bauman Family Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Stony Brook University
External organization: Academic
University of Pisa
External organization: Academic
Loma Linda University Health
External organization: Academic
Optovue
External organization: Unknown
Hokkaido University
External organization: Academic
West Coast Retina Medical Group
External organization: Unknown
National Eye Institute of the National Institutes of Health
External organization: Unknown
Trinity College Dublin
External organization: Academic
The Tampa Bay Uveitis Center
External organization: Unknown
University of Ulsan
External organization: Academic
University of Liverpool
External organization: Academic
Retina Research Foundation
External organization: Unknown
JTR
External organization: Unknown
University of Ioannina
External organization: Academic
University of Manchester
External organization: Academic
Western University
External organization: Academic
Austin Retina Associates
External organization: Unknown
EyeSight Foundation of Alabama
External organization: Unknown
San Raffaele Scientific Institute
External organization: Unknown
Lois Pope Life Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Virginia Commonwealth University
External organization: Academic
Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital
External organization: Unknown
University of Barcelona
External organization: Academic
American Medical Association
External organization: Unknown
Casey Eye Institute
External organization: Unknown
National Eye Institute/National Institutes of Health
External organization: Unknown
Aarhus University
External organization: Academic
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
External organization: Academic
Western General Hospital
External organization: Medical
iNsight Foundation
External organization: Unknown
Sidra Medical and Research Center
External organization: Academic
Providence Portland Medical Center
External organization: Unknown
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
External organization: Academic
OHSU-PSU School of Public Health
External organization: Unknown
University of Milan
External organization: Academic
Helsinki University Central Hospital
External organization: Unknown
University of Cape Town
External organization: Academic
University of Tasmania
External organization: Academic
Shriners Hospitals for Children
External organization: Medical
Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research
External organization: Academic
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University
External organization: Unknown
University of South Florida
External organization: Academic
Sichuan University
External organization: Academic
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital
External organization: Medical
Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust
External organization: Medical
Juntendo University
External organization: Academic
University of New Mexico
External organization: Academic
Foundation Fighting Blindness and Research to Prevent Blindness
External organization: Unknown
L.V. Prasad Eye Institute India
External organization: Medical
Texas A&M University
External organization: Academic
Royal Adelaide Hospital
External organization: Medical
Assiut University
External organization: Academic
Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel
External organization: Unknown
Rutgers - The State University of New Jersey, Newark
External organization: Academic
Universidad de Buenos Aires
External organization: Academic
University of Duisburg-Essen
External organization: Academic
University of Hamburg
External organization: Academic
Maastricht University
External organization: Academic
Tokyo University of Science
External organization: Academic
Tohoku University
External organization: Academic
Massachusetts General Hospital
External organization: Unknown
The Jikei University School of Medicine
External organization: Academic
Alcon Inc.
External organization: Unknown
Kanazawa University
External organization: Academic
A.G. Leventis Foundation
External organization: Unknown
University of Arkansas College of Medicine
External organization: Unknown
Addis Ababa University
External organization: Academic
Spark Therapeutics
External organization: Corporate
Aichi Medical University
External organization: Academic
Portland VA Healthcare System
External organization: Unknown
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul
External organization: Academic
The Lundquist Institute
External organization: Academic
The National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
External organization: Unknown
The University of Hong Kong
External organization: Academic
Umeå University
External organization: Academic
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich
External organization: Academic
Technical University of Munich
External organization: Academic
School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley
External organization: Unknown
National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
External organization: Academic
Lloyd Research Endowment
External organization: Unknown
Any-3
External organization: Unknown
National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia
External organization: Unknown
VU University Medical Center
External organization: Unknown
Charles University
External organization: Academic
Allergan Incorporated
External organization: Corporate
Nagoya University
External organization: Academic
IRCCS Istituto Eugenio Medea - Bosisio Parini (LC)
External organization: Medical
Long Island Vitreoretinal Consultants
External organization: Unknown
University of Hawai'i at Mānoa
External organization: Academic
University of Rome La Sapienza
External organization: Academic
Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi
External organization: Medical
University of Siena
External organization: Academic
Instituto de Salud Carlos III
External organization: Unknown
University of Leeds
External organization: Academic
Tokyo Medical University
External organization: Academic
Associated Retinal Consultants
External organization: Unknown
Taishan Scholar Project of Shandong Province
External organization: Unknown
University of Lausanne
External organization: Academic
Queensland University of Technology
External organization: Academic
University of Iowa
External organization: Unknown
University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey
External organization: Academic
Alexandria University
External organization: Academic
Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
External organization: Medical